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Difference between revisions of "Modelling:Skeleton"

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It's a very complex part of the skeleton, especailly because it will be one of the major physical interaction point in the installation. I like bionic style, but it's not consistant with the rest of the skeleton. Another question is: will the hand be cover by skin, or is it directly the final surface? With tendons visibile, an "écorché" hand.
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It's a very complex part of the skeleton, especailly because it will be one of the major physical interaction point in the installation. I like bionic style, but it's not consistant with the rest of the skeleton. Another question is: will the hand be cover by skin, or is it directly the final surface? With tendons visibile, an "écorché" hand. The foot is a nice mix of bones & cyber.
  
 
Workspace:
 
Workspace:

Revision as of 10:32, 10 March 2016

Infra layer of the avatar: skeleton/cartilage structure. Inspired by Reclining Woman of Henry Moore and by the Pale man of the Guillermo del Toro's Pan's Labyrinth.

Sculpting for pleasure

chest, head and arms

Sculpting a skeleton-like model.

Workspace, with ref images loaded on the right.

Tanuki-skeletonsculpting-belnder-workspace.jpg

Other views

  • tanuki-skeleton_sculpting-20160217-001
  • tanuki-skeleton_sculpting-20160217-002
  • tanuki-skeleton_sculpting-20160217-003
  • tanuki-skeleton_sculpting-20160217-004
  • tanuki-skeleton_sculpting-20160217-005
  • tanuki-skeleton_sculpting-20160217-006
  • tanuki-skeleton_sculpting-20160217-007
  • tanuki-skeleton_sculpting-20160217-008
  • tanuki-skeleton_sculpting-20160217-009
  • tanuki-skeleton_sculpting-20160217-010
  • tanuki-skeleton_sculpting-20160217-011
  • tanuki-skeleton_sculpting-20160217-012

notes

  • Chest is still a bit wide, belly-spine, pelvis and legs have to be fine-tuned.
  • The articulation points have to be marked clearly. If the model behaves like a bone structure, the softs areas have to be tiny and concave (marked by a bevel, convex or concave)

pelvis

Working on pelvis. Flaps at the back are not big enough. They should receive muscles of the legs and therefore be wider.

  • tanuki-skeleton_pelvis-20160217-001
  • tanuki-skeleton_pelvis-20160217-002
  • tanuki-skeleton_pelvis-20160217-003
  • tanuki-skeleton_pelvis-20160217-004
  • tanuki-skeleton_pelvis-20160217-005
  • tanuki-skeleton_pelvis-20160217-006


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Skeleton consistancy

Complete handbreak: i'm masturbating on the details of the model without taking care of the mechanic, without thinking to the specificity of a 3d avatar. See Theory:Avatar for the underlying thoughts.

So, back to an empty scene, just keeping the armature of a bipede, wich is the starting point of the whole modeling.

Mechanics

Tanuki-skeletonsculpting-blender-workspace-02.jpg

Each bone is conceived separately, and is an interpretation of the armature. The work of Moore is more present in the sources, and the work of Jacques Fabien Gautier d'Agoty is mounted. The way JFGdA is describing anatomy is not correct but beautiful because there's a layer of personal interpretation in his paintings.


  • render-20160221-001
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  • render-20160221-011

  • better hips/pelvis consistancy
  • pelvis will be stretch towards coxys and pubis not working, abandonned


  • render-20160221-100
  • render-20160221-101
  • render-20160221-102
  • render-20160221-103
  • render-20160221-104
  • render-20160221-105
  • render-20160221-106

  • clavicle-neck link
  • simplified hips
    • no more mudguards
    • with butt flaps
  • begining arms and leg articulation.


  • render-20160223-001
  • render-20160223-002
  • render-20160223-002b
  • render-20160223-003
  • render-20160223-004

  • elbow articulation
  • knee articulation

Just realised the articulations are absoloutly NOT functional mechanically!

Back to basics, let's study anatomy.

Elbow study

Taking the video into account, new meshes for arm and forearm.

  • outward angle: ~19°
  • inward angle: ~180°

  • render-20160225-100
  • render-20160225-102
  • render-20160225-103
  • render-20160225-104
  • render-20160225-105
  • render-20160225-106
  • render-20160225-107
  • render-20160225-108
  • render-20160225-109

The end of the arm is finished by a cylinder perpendicular to the bone (elbow pivot). Elbow pivot have 2 times the diameter of the arm ; its center is aligned on the periphery of the arm. The pivot have a central valley that "guide" the forearm => 1 axis rotation. The forearm is just sculpted to follow the shape of the shape of the pivot.

Knee study

The end of the femur has a pulley shape, and the head of the tibia is a double hollowed shape. The front joint stop is stronger than the elbow.

  • outward angle: ~23°
  • inward angle: ~177°

  • render-20160228-001
  • render-20160228-002
  • render-20160228-003
  • render-20160228-004
  • render-20160228-005
  • render-20160228-006
  • render-20160228-007
  • render-20160228-008
  • render-20160228-009-reinforced-tibia-blades
  • render-20160228-010-reworked-femur-end
  • render-20160228-011-reworked-femur-end
  • render-20160228-012-flat-sides-and-better-kneecap
  • render-20160228-013-flat-sides-and-better-kneecap

Junction with hip has to be fine-tuned.

Ankle study

Started as a one axis wheel, it miss a bit of freedom to render the right movments of the ankle. Above the axis, a coupole is cutted, allowing bending of the wheel in Y and Z axis (the wheel turns on X axis). By enlarging the bottom part, the articulation gains in Y axis without becoming huge on the upper part.

  • render-20160228-014
  • render-20160228-015
  • render-20160228-016
  • render-20160228-017


Final version of the articulation, X, Y and Z rotation enabled.

  • X: ~ -84° > 84°
  • Y: ~ -60° > 60°
  • Z: 360°

  • render-20160229-000-x-axis-84deg
  • render-20160229-000-y-axis-60deg
  • render-20160229-000-yzaxis-360deg
  • render-20160229-001
  • render-20160229-002
  • render-20160229-003
  • render-20160229-004


The head and the hand still have to be designed. To test the intergrity so far, i have to place all the bones at the right place. As i'm using the armature of the previous version of the tanukis, members are deformed.

Foot study

After several attempt to end the leg nicely, i designed a foot... Artictulation is a bit special, the heel and toes are fixed together.

  • render-20160307-001
  • render-20160307-002
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Limits

  • X: ~-60° > 32°
  • Y: ~-40° > 40°
  • Z: 360°

  • render-20160307-011
  • render-20160307-012
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The spherical connection allow foot's plane to adjust to the floor. The result is a kind of sport shoe. I imagine a certain level of elasticity in this bone -> acting as a shock absorber.

Les ressorts droits.jpg

With the ankle and the foot articluation, the foot is very agile.

Hand study

This part is a tricky one. First researches have been done on in another context, with the palm divided in 5 parts.

  • hand-modelling-0-001
  • hand-modelling-0-002
  • hand-modelling-0-003
  • hand-modelling-0-004
  • hand-modelling-0-005
  • hand-modelling-test-001

It's a very complex part of the skeleton, especailly because it will be one of the major physical interaction point in the installation. I like bionic style, but it's not consistant with the rest of the skeleton. Another question is: will the hand be cover by skin, or is it directly the final surface? With tendons visibile, an "écorché" hand. The foot is a nice mix of bones & cyber.

Workspace:

Tanuki-20160305.blend-hand.png

New armature

To mount the bones on a standard armature, i used makehuman. Without changing anything to the base model (a strange hermaphrodit), i went for a human IK rig.

Makehuman-standard-model.jpg


The big advantage with the makehuman rig is that the axis are corrrectly aligned with bones. For instance, the axis of the forearm and arm are co-planar. This will help the mechanical construction a lot!

Right way to process this orientation copy in blender : Copy transforms from one object to another in blender.stackexchange.com.

Makehuman-skel-coplanar.png

Bones adjutement

Tedious job of mixing the new armature and bones. Spine is no longer a tube.

  • render-20160305-001
  • render-20160305-002
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  • render-20160305-010


Details of articulation of the omoplate.

  • render-20160305-011
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  • render-20160305-018
  • render-20160305-019


-

Articulations

Tanuki-20160305.blend-004.png

Just because i love blender UI...

Via a custom python script, i'm able to align an object precisely with a bone. Once placed, head and tail of the mesh are separated and placed at the right location: massive use of SHIT+S to place the 3D cursor, change meshes origin and move them. With a bit of method, the rotation axis of the meshes are aligned with the armature. No manual editing! > everything must be done via copy.

Process

  • mesh-bone:: edit > pick vertices around the rotation points > SHIFT + S : cursor to slected
  • mesh-bone:: object > transform > origin to 3d cursor
  • mesh-bone:: object > SHIFT + A : apply scale and rotation
  • python:: adapt bone's name and run
    • the mesh-bone might not be correctly oriented - CTRL + Z, add a rotation, apply and run the script

The mesh-bone is now correctly oriented. The tail of the mesh-bone is not at the right location.

  • mesh-bone:: object > SHIFT + D > ENTER ( duplication at the same place )
  • mesh-bone:: edit > remove lower part of the mesh
  • mesh-bone-copy:: edit > remove upper part of the mesh
  • mesh-bone-copy:: edit > pick vertices around the rotation points > SHIFT + S : cursor to slected
  • mesh-bone-copy:: object > transform > origin to 3d cursor

Center of the object is now aligned with rotation axis.

  • armature:: edit > pick the bone's tail > SHIFT + S : cursor to slected
  • mesh-bone-copy:: object > SHIFT + S : selection to cursor
  • mesh-bone-copy:: object (select)
  • mesh-bone:: object (SHIFT + select)
  • CTRL + J : fusion of the 2 part of the mesh-bone
  • mesh-bone:: edit > add the missing faces to make the mesh solid again.


It's not straight-forward, but it works very well.

  • precise-bone-psotioning-001-shoulder
  • precise-bone-psotioning-002-elbow
  • precise-bone-psotioning-003-elbow
  • precise-bone-psotioning-004-wrist
  • precise-bone-psotioning-005-hip
  • precise-bone-psotioning-006-knee
  • precise-bone-psotioning-007-ankle

Resources


Books

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